std::filesystem::file_type

 

C++

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自立实现与有宿主实现

语言

标准库

标准库标头

具名要求

功能特性测试宏 (C++20)

语言支持库

概念库 (C++20)

元编程库 (C++11)

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通用工具库

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算法库

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文件系统库 (C++17)

正则表达式库 (C++11)

并发支持库 (C++11)

技术规范

符号索引

外部库

 

文件系统库

类
filesystem::path filesystem::filesystem_error filesystem::directory_entry filesystem::directory_iterator filesystem::recursive_directory_iterator filesystem::file_status	filesystem::space_info filesystem::file_type filesystem::perms filesystem::perm_options filesystem::copy_options filesystem::directory_options filesystem::file_time_type
函数
filesystem::absolute filesystem::canonicalfilesystem::weakly_canonical filesystem::relativefilesystem::proximate filesystem::copy filesystem::copy_file filesystem::copy_symlink filesystem::create_directory filesystem::create_directories filesystem::create_hard_link filesystem::create_symlink filesystem::create_directory_symlink filesystem::current_path	filesystem::exists filesystem::equivalent filesystem::file_size filesystem::hard_link_count filesystem::last_write_time filesystem::permissions filesystem::read_symlink filesystem::remove filesystem::remove_all filesystem::rename filesystem::resize_file filesystem::space filesystem::status filesystem::symlink_status filesystem::temp_directory_path
文件类型
filesystem::is_block_file filesystem::is_character_file filesystem::is_directory filesystem::is_empty filesystem::status_known	filesystem::is_fifo filesystem::is_other filesystem::is_regular_file filesystem::is_socket filesystem::is_symlink

 

在标头 <filesystem> 定义
enum class file_type {     none = /* unspecified */,     not_found = /* unspecified */,     regular = /* unspecified */,     directory = /* unspecified */,     symlink = /* unspecified */,     block = /* unspecified */,     character = /* unspecified */,     fifo = /* unspecified */,     socket = /* unspecified */,     unknown = /* unspecified */,     /* implementation-defined */ };		(C++17 起)

file_type 定义常量，指示路径所指代的文件或目录的类型。枚举项的值各异。

常量

常量	含义
none	指示文件状态未被求值，或求值时出错
not_found	指示文件未找到（这不被认为是错误）
regular	常规文件
directory	目录
symlink	符号链接
block	块特殊文件
character	字符特殊文件
fifo	FIFO （又称管道）文件
socket	套接字文件
实现定义	每个实现支持的附加文件类型的附加实现定义常量
unknown	文件存在但无法确定其类型

Example

运行此代码

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <filesystem>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
 
namespace fs = std::filesystem;
 
void demo_status(const fs::path& p, fs::file_status s)
{
    std::cout << p;
    // 变体： switch(s.type()) { case fs::file_type::regular: ...}
    if(fs::is_regular_file(s)) std::cout << " is a regular file\n";
    if(fs::is_directory(s)) std::cout << " is a directory\n";
    if(fs::is_block_file(s)) std::cout << " is a block device\n";
    if(fs::is_character_file(s)) std::cout << " is a character device\n";
    if(fs::is_fifo(s)) std::cout << " is a named IPC pipe\n";
    if(fs::is_socket(s)) std::cout << " is a named IPC socket\n";
    if(fs::is_symlink(s)) std::cout << " is a symlink\n";
    if(!fs::exists(s)) std::cout << " does not exist\n";
}
int main()
{
    // 创建不同种类的文件
    fs::create_directory("sandbox");
    std::ofstream("sandbox/file"); // 创建常规文件
    fs::create_directory("sandbox/dir");
    mkfifo("sandbox/pipe", 0644);
    struct sockaddr_un addr;
    addr.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
    std::strcpy(addr.sun_path, "sandbox/sock");
    int fd = socket(PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    bind(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof addr);
    fs::create_symlink("file", "sandbox/symlink");
 
    // 演示不同的状态访问器
    for(auto it = fs::directory_iterator("sandbox"); it != fs::directory_iterator(); ++it)
        demo_status(*it, it->symlink_status()); // 从 directory_entry 使用缓冲的状态
    demo_status("dev/null", fs::status("/dev/null")); // 直接调用 status
    demo_status("dev/sda", fs::status("/dev/sda"));
    demo_status("sandbox/no", fs::status("/sandbox/no"));
 
    // 清理
    close(fd);
    fs::remove_all("sandbox");
}

可能的输出：

"sandbox/file" is a regular file
"sandbox/dir" is a directory
"sandbox/pipe" is a named IPC pipe
"sandbox/sock" is a named IPC socket
"sandbox/symlink" is a symlink
"dev/null" is a character device
"dev/sda" is a block device
"sandbox/no" does not exist

参阅

file_status (C++17)	表示文件类型及权限 (类)
is_block_file (C++17)	检查给定的路径是否表示块设备 (函数)
is_character_file (C++17)	检查给定的路径是否表示字符设备 (函数)
is_directory (C++17)	检查给定的路径是否表示一个目录 (函数)
is_fifo (C++17)	检查给定的路径是否表示一个命名管道 (函数)
is_other (C++17)	检查参数是否表示一个其他文件 (函数)
is_socket (C++17)	检查参数是否表示一个具名 IPC 套接字 (函数)
is_symlink (C++17)	检查参数是否表示一个符号链接 (函数)
is_regular_file	检查 directory_entry 是否代表常规文件 (std::filesystem::directory_entry 的公开成员函数)